Junk Food Essay

Basically, it’s anything that is high in calories but lacking in nutrition. Hamburgers, chips, chocolate bars and hot dogs fall in this category. Pizzas, although they can have vegetable and cheese toppings, are also included as they contain a lot of fat. Obviously, a diet of junk food is not the best thing for your health, particularly as it is highly saturated fat. In 1993, the Journal of the National Cancer Institute reported this type of fat to be associated with greater risk of cancer. Apart from the risk of cancer, another side effect of consuming highly fattening junk food is that you are likely to gain weight. This is especially true because you tend to eat more, as junk food is less satisfying and lower in vital nutrients than healthier food. The best advice, then, for those who cannot live without their hamburgers or chocolate bars, is to limit the amount of junk food they eat. Another alarming thing about people’s lifestyle today is that while the amount of junk food we eat has increased, the amount of exercise we do has actually decreased. Exercise plays an important part in keeping the body fit and healthy; it helps to control our weight and, if taken regularly, can also decrease our chances of having a heart attack in later life. What is more, you don’t have to exercise much to gain visible benefits. Twenty minutes three times a week is all that is necessary. Even though people nowadays are actually far more aware of the importance of exercise and a healthy diet then they were a few years ago. The new unhealthy way of life is surprisingly popular. Recent research has shown that young French people, who prefer burgers and chips to rich gourmet dishes, tend to become overweight. Weight gained in adolescence is extremely hard to lose in later life, so researchers are predicting that the new French generations are not going to be admired for their slim figures as the French have traditionally been. Researchers suggest that the new generation will be much more likely to suffer from heart and liver disease. What can’t be emphasized enough is the fact that a balanced diet and regular exercise bring significant health benefits. You can gain anything from glowing skin to an all-round feeling of good health. One way or another, the vast majority of people seem to be missing out on this, due mainly to the pressures of modern life. Ironically, if they were to make time to exercise and improve their eating habits, they would probably find that they were far better equipped to deal with their stressful lifestyles than they are now.

10-Perseverance Essay

To our beloved President and Cavite School Life founder, Mr. Ernesto V. Yu, to our adorable Cavite School of Life director and Finance Officer, Ms. Maybelle O. Yu, to the man with a big heart, our Principal, Mr. Roberto G. Dumali, to our efficient student affairs coordinator Mr. Francis H. Mangrobang, to our handsome Discipline Coordinator, Mr. Rogelio T. Chavez, to our school board members, faculty and staffs, parents, family, fellow graduates, guests, ladies and gentlemen. Good day. There is a Latin dictum which says and I quote, â€Å"Ex abundancia cordis, os loquitur† which means, â€Å"From the abundance of the heart, the mouth speaks!† Today, allow me to speak of Angelic words, of words of wisdom, of words of love and of words of joy and thanksgiving. For today, in this very historical place, and in this very important moment in our very lives as graduates of 2013, we have witnessed the fruits of our labor! Today, I stand before you not as a superhero, nor a genius, and not even the best of all but as one with you who can truly prove the proof of success despite of nothingness. See more: Analysis of Starbucks coffee company employees essay Yes, nothingness or poverty is never a hindrance to a true success! Once more, we have proven that. Once more, I have proven that. As you may all have known, my parents are never rich. You must have known and learned how my father, Papa Boy, labored so hard to send me to this wonderful and spirit filled school. You must have known as well, how my mother, Mama Paz has to give up some of her wants just so that I can pursue my studies. When Papa Boy got a stroke that almost send him to eternal rest, I almost lose hope for he is the only one who provides us with our basic needs especially my school needs. Thinking that I might stop from schooling really sends shivers down my spine. As I look at Mama Paz crying, I could not but feel the tremendous pain of a mother who was not only thinking of how could Papa survive much more to her fears of asking me to stop from schooling. Despite that, my family stood still with faith and trust and even inspired me more to study well. It took us months of really praying and holding of our hands together, sharing whatever little we have for none in my family would allow me to stop from schooling. Even if Mama Paz did not tell, I knew then that she had to do so many things (call it part time jobs) just to make ends meet. Papa Boy on the other hand fought so hard to regain health the soonest. â€Å"Alam kong nahihirapan ng husto si Papa pero nilalabanan niya ang kanyang sakit para maiwasan ang nag aambang kamatayan dahil alam ko sabi niya sa sarili niya, andiyan pa si Jasmine na kailangang makapagtapos ng pag-aaral.† Indeed I was and am so lucky to have parents like them—di man mayaman pero hindi nila ako pinababayaan. Papa Boy and Mama Paz, maraming salamat po sa lahat lahat. Hindi ako darating sa kinaroroonan ko ngayon kung hindi dahil sa inyo. I love you po! I am also grateful to Cavite School of Life because though my father was sick at that moment, they didn’t abandon him, they still gave him a chance and hope to live and work for his family, most especially for me, his daughter. This we owe so much to Mr. Ernesto V. Yu and his family, we will forever give thanks to them, Words are not enough to express how blessed we are to have you Mr. and Mrs. Yu in our life. Needless to say, how grateful I am too to all of my teachers, especially my adviser, Ms Maricar, my classmates and my friends who are so supportive and understand my situation. They have always been there in times when truly I needed them most. When I first came to Cavite School of Life, I didn’t expect that I will be changed and be improved for the better, because in my previous school, our Principal seems didn’t care about us, unlike here I really felt that I’m a part of the family and here, our teachers wanted us to learn not just for school but for life, I’m very overwhelmed by the people here, because they helped me to prepare not just for college but also for our future. I was a second year student when I started studying here in Cavite School of Life, at first I was only a girl in the corner, doesn’t care what around or what’s happening, I also can’t understand why I’m here in Cavite School of Life. A lot of questions in my mind such as why I’m studying? What’s God’s plan for me? I have no idea at all. But after two months, I just woke up then I realized that everything seems at place, I’m growing, I’m learning and I’m happy. The next thing I know is that, my relationship to God became better, and I found out that the school philosophy, â€Å"WE LEARN NOT FOR SCHOOL BUT FOR LIFE† is true. This school shelter and taught us not only for school, they also prepared us to live our life outside. After this night, we will be leaving the school but the lessons that we learned will remain in our hearts forever, Thank you Cavite School of Life for that. That is the thing we will surely treasure the most. Indeed my very own life is a living testament of success despite scarcity. That indeed behind the hills of sacrifices lay the valley of success. If we stand together as I, we could do anything. Now I could say that the greatest gift my parents give me, besides life, is education. The same thing I believe is what every parent here now is giving to each one of us. May I invite you all therefore to be one with me in giving the greatest and deepest expression of our gratitude to them who have labored so hard and worked so well so that we may become what we are today. Fellow graduates, let us all stand therefore and give the loudest and sincerest to our dearly beloved parents! As we leave the portals of our dear Alma Matter, let us always remember not only the good and funniest memories but life’s learning experiences we have gained. Let us treasure them and bring them to whatever we go so we can also become the bearers of light and life. Let us always remember that what we are now is God’s gift to us and what we became of ourselves is our gift to Him.

Assessing The Corporate Structure Within Lvmh Business Essay

Assessing The Corporate Structure Within Lvmh Business Essay LVMH Moà «t Hennessy Louis Vuitton S.A. (Euronext: MC), usually shortened to LVMH, is a French holding company and the worlds largest luxury goods conglomerate. It is the parent of around 60 sub-companies that each manage a small number of prestigious brands These daughter companies are, to a large extent, run autonomously. The group was formed after mergers brought together champagne producer Moà «t et Chandon and Hennessy, a leading manufacturer of cognac. In 1987, they merged with fashion house Louis Vuitton to form the current group The group is controlled by the Christian Dior group, which owns 42.4% of shares and has over 58% of voting rights. Bernard Arnault, majority shareholder of Dior, is Chairman of both companies and CEO of LVMH. His successful integration of various famous aspiration brands into the group has inspired other luxury companies into doing the same. Thus Gucci (now part of the French conglomerate PPR) and Richemont have also created extended portfolios of luxury brands. The oldest of the LVMH brands is wine producer Chà ¢tea d’Yquem, which dates its origins back to 1593 Corporate structure LVMH is based in Paris, France. The company is listed on the Euronext Paris exchange and isa constituent of the CAC 40 index. As of 2008, the group revenues of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬17.2 billion with a net income of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬2.318 billion. The group currently employs 77,000 people. 30% of LVMH’s staff work in France. LVMH operates over 2,300 stores worldwide. Its current business plan aims to tightly control the brands it manages in order to maintain and heighten the perception of luxury relating to their products. For example, Louis Vuitton products are sold only through Louis Vuitton boutiques found in upmarket locations in wealthy cities or in concessions in other luxury goods shops (such as Harrods in London). This practice contrasts greatly with less exclusive brands which can be bought in shopping malls around the world (http:// en.wikipedia.org) Shareholders At the end of 2008, the only declared major shareholder in LVMH was Groupe Arnault, the family holding company of BernardArnault. The group’s control amounted to 47.42% of LVMH’s stock (with 42.42% held through Christian Dior S.A. and 5.00% held directly) and 63.40% of its voting rights (58.02% by Dior and 5.38% directly). A further 3.4% of shares were declared as treasury stock, with the remainder being free float .(http://en.wikipedia.org) DEPARTMENTS OF LVMH Wines & Spirits Fashion & Leather Goods Perfumes & Cosmetics Watches & Jewelry Selective retailing (Annual report LVMH-2008) MISION AND VALUES OF LVMH Be creative and innovate Aim for product excellence Bolster  the  image  of  our  brands  with  passionate  determination Act as entrepreneurs Strive to be the best in all we do (Annual Report LVMH-2008) Definitions of Human Resource Management Human recourse management is a strategic and coherent approach to the mana gement of organization’s most valued assets: the people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of its objectives. (Michael Armstrong, a Hand book of Human Resource Management 2003) The HRM models are The Matching model of HRM Harvard model of HRM Best practice model The contingency model

Supply Chain Integration Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Supply Chain Integration - Case Study Example The power of IOIS also helped in creating an adversarial relationship between Wal-Mart and P&G. In this case, information technology helped in creating an accurate and timely information flow within the organizations. In simple terms, technology helped in establishing a common language especially during the partnership (Clark, and McKenny, 1995). Through technology, both organizations’ costs were driven down. Supply chain integration entails the flow of both products and information between organizational supply chain members. Recently, technology use is considered a requirement for any effective control in supply chain integration. In fact, development in technology enables organizational supply chain management to avail information easily. These technologies remain significant especially in coordinating the activities that help manage supply chain. Despite the acknowledged significance of IT use in supply chain integration, most studies assessing technology use in supply chain context remains limited (Coyle, Langley, Gibson, & Novack, 2012). According to the article, technology use especially in supply chain management is divided into at least three aspects. The three aspects include; Use of inter-organizational systems in supply chain integration remains important especially in information sharing. It also helps in processing across organizational boundaries. In organizations such as Wal-Mart, technology has played various roles in the company’s supply chain integration. Key roles in this case include driving out costs via automation, joint scorecards and measurements, and sharing information to better consumer understanding. It also helps in driving sales (Coyle, Langley, Gibson, & Novack, 2012). On the other hand, technology in supply chain integration helps in emphasizing strong commitment into developing mutually beneficial

Professional Dispositions in Educational Environment Essay

Professional Dispositions in Educational Environment - Essay Example I reckon that it is encouraging for students to know that their educator understands and accepts them. Empathy helps me not to judge learners unfairly and instead, accept and respect their perceptions and opinions unconditionally. Empathy is strength in me as it helps me create an environment conducive to harmonious learning. It would be chaotic trying to impart knowledge on to individuals whom I have not taken time to understand. Lack of an understanding of my learners’ subjective worlds would make me judge the things they do and the way they do them. Empathy saves me the trouble of getting agitated by something that my learners do or say and instead savors this energy for helping my learners to rise above their biases and any other opinion that can hinder effective learning (Reid et. al., 2011). As a strength empathy helps me identify the areas in which individual learners need assistance and as such, I can attend to individual needs besides attending to the needs of the larger class. Individualized attention helps students be free and express their fears and weaknesses to me as an educator out of trust. Individualized attention is instrumental in improving the performance of learners. Authenticity is my other professional disposition with which I approach my work as an educator. Authenticity helps me reckon that different learners have different needs and as such, I vary my methods and approaches to teaching. This comes with an understanding that the method or approach that works for an individual learner or group of learners may not work for another. I emphasize originality and uniqueness in the execution of my duties and in the delivery of content to learners. Authenticity helps me accept my weaknesses and shortcomings and allows me to express myself with genuineness and honesty (Reid et. al., 2011).  

Personal Statement for postgraduate Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

For postgraduate - Personal Statement Example With an admission in the said schools, I will be able to pursue my desire of obtaining higher education in the accounting and finance field specifically in International Business. Presently, I hold a diploma in accounting after successfully graduating in 2004. Moreover, I received further trainings from the Chevron Company from the year 2004 to 2006 where I was able to sharpen my skills and put the theoretical knowledge I obtained in school into practice. My academic qualification and excellence in the work place enabled me to get a scholarship to study a bachelor’s degree in Accounting and Finance for International Business at the Coventry University, after which I plan to pursue a postgraduate degree at the University of Warwick. With this opportunity, I will be able to advance my knowledge in the field of accounting and finance; in addition, I will also meet and interact with different people at the University, which provide me with an experience of new cultures thus preparing me to work in a multicultural organization. Since childhood, I have been a very social person who believes in making friends and expanding my social circle. From early teachings, I have always been brought up to invest in friendship and always interact with other members of the society. This has cultured in me a team spirit where I can comfortably act as a team player or a team leader as I relate well with other individuals around me. I provide invaluable contributions and participation to the team that I work with. Through cohesion with other team players, I always remain clear on the team objectives and I am always persistent in the pursuance of the team’s objectives and goals. I believe in the freedom of will and personal choice. I am always receptive of the ideas of other individuals. When in school and in the workplace, I always strive to

Molson's analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Molson's analysis - Research Paper Example One of the major brands that Molson Coors has in mind to promote is the Molson Canadian, one of the three beer brands that it owns. Molson Canadian is a premium lager. One of the possible reasons as to why it is the product of choice to be targeted for expansion is its increasing popularity among beer brands worldwide. It is already a hit in its native country of production, Canada, and the company has major plans for it. The plans fostered research in the four countries considered of being potential markets on the international scene and this paper shall rank the countries in order of their potentiality and give the criteria and other details that would have determined the outcome of the results of ranking. There are several reasons as to why China is the best potential market for expansion of Molson Canadian premium lager. One is the popularity gain of premium drinks among the Chinese population (6% in 2010) and its promising steady progress. They distinctively prefer drinks that have quality and have some status. Premium lager drinks fit perfectly in this description. A preference is skewed towards imported premium lager brands given the inclination of the Chinese to the Western countries culture. This is in fact a perfect opportunity for the Molson Canadian premium lager, given its origin and perfection. The Chinese market has a promising future market, both in the present and in the future. This is given its younger generation’s capability to spend more on luxury goods. The young Chinese thus hold the future market for the Molson Canadian beer brand. Mexico could have been the best option if at all it had a little glimmer in its economy growth, which is its main letdown while considering the best country for Molson Canadian Premium Lager. This in fact was the main reason as to why they had a drop of 2% of beer volumes sold in 2010. The poor economy is a threat in that the population might prioritize other basic needs due to the rising

Human Trafficking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Trafficking - Essay Example Human trafficking continues to be a major problem all over the world, and bringing about awareness will enable it to be better addressed. First things first, we will bring awareness to the fact that human trafficking does not only effect those who are poor. The rich are affected, too. For instance, there may be people who are rich and living in another country. They have a surplus of money and would like to use it to get to the United States because they believe that coming to this country will afford them better opportunities, such as financial gain and a chance to have greater success. These individuals contact smugglers to help them come here, and they pay these smugglers large sums of money. But one of two things happens that can land the rich into being victims of human trafficking. One scenario can be that the one smuggling them may be a part of the human trade, and rather than helping these individuals to just come over to the United States to lead a better life, they can turn on them and make them part of the human cargo they wish to trade and sell. The other scenario can be that once they do get to the United States, they can fall victims of human trafficking in that they are normally left to their own devices after being smuggled and will more than likely not understand how everything works in this country. They will not know where to obtain resources, and they will more than likely not be completely familiarize with the laws here (U.S. Department of State, 2005). Their lack of knowledge coupled with being in an unfamiliar place is a perfect recipe for a human trafficking victim. A second issue in regards to human trafficking that needs awareness is that men are also victims of human trafficking. A number of people may not think that to be possible; however, it does happen, whether people want to believe it or not. One way that men can become victims is because the one trafficking them will use tactics, such as violence, coercion, and force. Even manipulation can be a factor. Men, like women, can be forced into prostitution, and they are subject to brutal treatment, such as rape and violence, in the same way that women are. And because human trafficking is not only restricted to sex work, both men and women are kidnapped to work in factories or doing other illegal migrant work, such as working with agriculture. Both factory and illegal migrant work have a sour history of workers being paid cheaply or not at all (U.S. Department of State, 2005). Then there is the assumption that human trafficking does not occur in the United States and that it is a problem far from us. However, this is far from the truth. Human trafficking occurs right here on our home soil, as

Ethic Group Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethic Group - Essay Example r areas in Los Angeles, particularly to East Los Angeles, by the 1870s†¦The arrival of immigrants into Los Angeles caused an increase of Hispanics into other areas of the city†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 1 The influx of immigrants definitely changed the face of Los Angeles forever, making it a city that would someday cater more to Latino culture in many aspects, which will be examined in the next section about assimilation. Assimilation has not always been easy, as much of the discrimination that Latinos have faced in L.A. Latinos in Los Angeles have traditionally been labeled as the ethnic group which â€Å"takes away American jobs,† supposedly. However, many times, these jobs are those which no middle-class or even working class American would be likely to want to do. Symbolic interaction theory explains this by basically introducing the concept that â€Å"†¦people give meaning to symbols and that those meanings come to control those people [as a form of] social behaviorism†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 2 Social biases have kept many Latinos from advancing to their full potential because they are pegged as working class people who do not have much means for upward social mobility. Of course, certain parts of L.A. are more conducive and open to Latino culture than others. â€Å"Since the turn of the twentieth century, East Los Angeles in particular has been a center of Latino organizational and cultural life. This has served as an important source of contextual capital for Latino residents.†3 The Latino population is exploding with bursts of growth. By 2000, after one of the most intense periods of immigration in American history, the Latino population had grown to 35 million, or nearly 13 percent of the entire population of the United States... [major] Latino population[s] of the United States live in†¦Los Angeles County (4.2 million)†¦[basically] 46.5 percent [of the population of L.A.]†4 There are many people living in Los Angeles who, for whatever reason, are assimilating to American culture by

ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH STUDY REPORT PowerPoint Presentation

ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH STUDY REPORT - PowerPoint Presentation Example In this design, the behavior of a subject is observed without affecting it in any way. This design was appropriate because it is often used as a tool of both qualitative and quantitative designs of research since it gives a common outline as to what variables should be tested quantitatively. This makes the design less expensive and less time-consuming as compared to other designs. Internal validity is the truth in the inferences of a cause-effect relationship. In this research, one threat to the internal validity is history. This occurs when repeated experiments of the research done by researchers earlier affect the participants’ response to the procedures in the experiment (MCQuarrie, 2005). Another threat is maturation, where subjects change during the cause of the study. For instance, with time, a patient may develop complications that are not as a result of the cardiac catherization during the time of the study, hence non-valid results are obtained. Threats to external validity explain how wrong a person might be in making specific conclusions. One of the threats to the external validity is aptitude treatment interaction, where the independent variable may relate with certain features of the sample. Another threat is the situation, which includes all situations that limit the generalization of a study. The sample size here can be chosen based on the quality of the findings and the cost of the collection of data. The sample size is also based on the hypothesis’ strength. The sample representative of the population is the small group of individuals who have undergone cardiac catherization and are interviewed in order to represent the larger population of the patients recovering from it (Griffiths, 1998). The representative sample is obtained by identification of the population being sampled by researchers. The setting in which data was collected is appropriate because it enabled the researchers to calculate the descriptive statistics, to

Financial statements Essay Example for Free

Financial statements Essay 1) Which of the following statements is true? 2) Notes to the financial statements include which of the following: 3) Which of the following financial statements is divided into major categories of operating, investing, and financing activities? 4) If the retained earnings account increases from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, then 5) If services are rendered on account, then 6) An investment by the stockholders in a business increases 7) Using accrual accounting, expenses are recorded and reported only: 8) A small company may be able to justify using a cash basis of accounting if they have: 9) Stockholders’ equity can be described as claims of 10) Common stock is reported on the 11) The Vintage Laundry Company purchased $6,500 worth of laundry supplies on June 2 and recorded the purchase as an asset. On June 30, an inventory of the laundry supplies indicated only $2,000 on hand. The adjusting entry that should be made by the company on June 12) On July 1 the Fisher Shoe Store paid $15,000 to Acme Realty for 6 months rent beginning July 1. Prepaid Rent was debited for the full amount. 13) Use the following data to determine the total dollar amount of assets to be classified as current assets. 14) Use the following data to calculate the current ratio. KoonceOffice Supplies Balance Sheet December 31, 2012 Cash $130,000 Accounts Payable $140,000 Prepaid Insurance 60,000 Salaries Payable 20,000 Accounts Receivable 100,000 Mortgage Payable 160,000 15) In horizontal analysis, each item is expressed as a percentage of the 16) When a change in depreciation method occurs: 17) Which of the following statements is true with respect to financial statement reporting for all cases when a company changes from one acceptable accounting method to another? 18) Which of the following would be considered a change in accounting principle? 19) From an internal control standpoint, the asset most susceptible to improper diversion and use is 20) A very small company would have the most difficulty in implementing  which of the following internal control activities? 21) The reconciliation of the cash register tape with the cash in the register is an example of 22) Deposits in transit 23) Which of the following items on a bank reconciliation would require an adjusting entry on the company’s books? 24) Notification by the bank that a deposited customer check was returned NSF requires that the company make the following adjusting entry: 25) Why do pension and mutual funds invest in debt and equity securities? 26) Which of the following is a debt security? 27) Reed Company acquires 80 Holmes 10%, 5 year, $1,000 bonds on January 1, 2012 for $82,000. This includes a brokerage commission of $2,000. The journal entry to record this investment includes a debit to 28) Reed Company acquires 80 Holmes 10%, 5 year, $1,000 bonds on January 1, 2012 for $82,000. This includes a brokerage commission of $2,000. Assume Holmes pays interest semiannually and the July 1 entry was done correctly. The journal entry at December 31, 2012 would include a credit to 29) A company that owns more than 50% of the common stock of another company is known as the 30) If a parent company has two wholly owned subsidiaries, how many legal and economic entities are there from the viewpoint of the shareholders of the parent company?

Time to Rethink the Portfolio Essay Example for Free

Time to Rethink the Portfolio Essay Summary statement of the problem: Church Dwight Co. Inc. is a 160 years old company that has been working to build a market share on a brand name that is rarely associated with its name. In spite of having this status in the eye of consumers its product can still be found among several consumer products in 95% of all U. S. households. Because of its rapid growth brought by its several acquisitions it is now facing new challenges. It must now rationalize the firms expanded consumer products portfolio of 80 brands into the existing corporate structure while continuously seeking new opportunity for growth. Another issue that is evident is how will the company’s small size be able to compete for market share with its giant competitors both domestic and international market. 2. Summary statement of the recommended solution: The issues that the Church Dwight Corporation face is not an easy task for its board and management. The expanded consumer products should contribute to the continuous and steady growth of the company by retaining products that generates more revenues. Penetrating international market and removing barriers such as transportation cost will gain a competitive edge against the giant players in the market. The Church Dwight Corporation a was founded 160 years ago and became the world’s largest producer and marketer of sodium bicarbonate-based products in United States. Although its name was not popular one, its products can be found in variety of consumer products 95% of all U. S. households (Wheelen Hunger, pp. 35-2). The injection of key decision makers with extensive marketing experience abroad would be the key in penetrating the global market. This weakness would become its strength if the right people will be handling it. Right key personnel will surely make a better decision for the success of the company. International market could be jungle for company who has no experience but having somebody to handle wild encounters would be a key to its survival. The consumer products will surely be here to stay for the need of the consumer is endless. Therefore the fight for market share will always be present. The strength of Church Dwight will be continuously challenged all through out by newcomers. They should always be ahead all the time. Environmental issues will also be a major factor for them. Comply with existing environmental bill while promoting its products is a very good strategy. Nothing is more important in the mind of the consumer if you can show the usefulness of your product while taking care or the environment where he lives in. This is the same as hitting two birds as one.

Givotia Moluccana Analysis

Givotia Moluccana Analysis MATERIALS AND METHODS 4.1. PLANT MATERIAL 4.1.1. COLLECTION OF PLANT The plant aerial parts of Givotia moluccanawas collected and Authentified by Dr. K. Madhava Chetty, Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi (AP). 4.1.2. PREPARATION OF THE EXTRACT The dried leaves of G. moluccana was collected, cleaned, dried and powdered in a grinder  ­Ã‚ ­- mixer to obtain a coarse powder and then passed through 40 mesh sieve. About 1000 gm of powdered drug was extracted with aqueous ethanol by soxhlet apparatus. The extraction was carried out until the drug becomes exhausted. The solvent was recovered from their extract by distillation under reduced pressure. The dried extract thus obtained was kept in a desicator and was used for further experiments. 4.2. EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS Healthy adult male wistar rats weighing between 150-200gm were used for the present study. The animals were housed in groups of six and maintained under standard conditions (27 ±2 ºC, relative humidity 44 56% and light and dark cycles of 10 and 14 hours respectively) and fed with standard rat diet and purified drinking water ad libitum for 1 week before and during the experiments. All experiments and protocols described in present study were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC) of P.Rami Reddy Memorial Collage of Pharmacy (1423/PO/a/11/CPCSEA/102/2014). All the experiments were performed in the morning according to current guidelines for the care of laboratory animals and the ethical guidelines for the investigation of experimental pain in conscious animals (Zimmerman, 1983). 4.3. DRUGS AND CHEMICALS Epinephrine, DTNB, Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and isoproterenol were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Bangalore. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), trichloro acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide were obtained from SD fine chemicals Ltd Mumbai. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, tris buffer and all other reagents used were of analytical grade. CK-MB, LDH, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Total cholesterol, HDL, and triglyceride estimation kits were obtained from Erba diagnostic Ltd. India. 4.4. INSTRUMENTS Analytical Auto analyzer (MaxLyzer NB-201), UV-Visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Model no: 2203), Electronic balance (Shimadzu, Model no: DS-852 J), Tissue homogeniger (Ever shine, Model no: 607), Remi centrifuge (Remi, Model no: KKLO-9013). 4.5 ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY The acute oral toxicity study was done according to OECD 423 guidelines. Wistar albino rats of either sex were selected randomly and divided into six groups (n = 6). The animals were fasted overnight and extract in doses of 100, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight, were administered orally to II – VI groups. Group I which received vehicle (CMC) served as control. The animals were observed continuously for 2 hr, and then intermittently for 6 hr and at the end of 24 hours, the number of deaths was noted to determine LD50 of the extract (Annie et al., 2004). 4.6. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 4.6.1. NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY The experimental animals were randomly divided in to 5 groups (n= 6) and treated for duration of 21 days as per the treatment schedule given in table no: 3. Nephrotoxicity was induced by administration of Gentamycin (80 mg/kg I.P) daily for 7 days. Ethanolic extract of G. moluccanawas freshly suspended in CMC and administered to animals by oral feeding needle. Table no: 3 Treatment schedule –Evaluation of nephroprotective activity of EEGM against gentamycin induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats. I.P = Intra peritoneal, P.O = Per oral. 4.6.2. COLLECTION OF BLOOD AND URINE SAMPLES The blood samples were collected from the retrorbital venous plexus of rats without any coagulant for the separation of serum, at the regular intervals of the treatment. After collecting the blood in effindraf tubes they were kept for 1 h at room temperature and serum was separated by centrifugation at 2000 rpm for 15 min and stored until analyzed for various biochemical parameters. Urine was collected over 24 hours on the 21st day by keeping the test animals in metabolic cages. The volume of collected urine samples was measured followed by estimation of biochemical parameters, namely urine Creatinine, urine uric acid and urine urea. 4.7. PARAMETERS MONITERED 4.7.1. BIOCHEMICAL ESTMATIONS i. Estimation of Urea (Berthelot Method) Principle: The reaction sequence employed in the assay is as follows: Urea + H2O Urease 2NH3 + CO2 NH3 + Salicylate +Hypochlorite Nitropruside 2-2-Dicarboxy Indophenol Urease catalyses the conversion of Urea to Ammonia and Carbondioxide. The ammonia released reacts with a mixture of Slicylate. Hypochlorite and Nitropruside to yield a blue-green colored compound (Indophenol). The intensity of color produced is proportional to the concentration of urea in the sample and is measured photometrically at 578 nm or with yellow filter. Reagent preparation: Transfer the entire Enzyme Concentrate (1A) into Urease Reagent (1) with the dropper (or) microtip provided. Assay Procedure: Pipette into test tubes labeled Blank (B), Standard(S), Test(T) as follows. Mix and Read absorbance of Standard (S) and Test (T) against Blank (B) at 578 nm (570-620 nm) or with yellow filter. The final color is stable for 30 min. at R.T. Calculations: Blood urea nitrogen in mg/dl = a X 0.467 Urine Urea in gm/24 hours = a X 24 hrs urine volume in litres. ii. Estimation of BUN (GLDH-Urease Method) Methodology : Talke and Schubert, Tiffany et al. Principle: The estimation of Urea in serum involves the following enzyme catalyzed reactions: Urea + H2O Urease 2NH3 + CO2 NH3 + ÃŽ ±-KG + NADH GLDH Glutamate + NAD ÃŽ ±-KG : ÃŽ ±-Ketoglutarate GLDH : Glutamate dehydrogenase The rate of decrease in absorbance is monitored at 340 nm and is directly proportional to urea concentration in the sample. Procedure: Mix well, and aspirate standard followed by samples. Calculation: Determine absorbance change (ΔA) for the standard and unknown samples by using the formula. ΔA = A1 – A2 Urea = ΔA of Test Concentration of (mg/dl) ΔA OF Standard Standard (mg/dl) iii. Estimation of Uric acid (Uricase/POD) Principle: Uric acid is oxidized to Allontoin and hydrogenperoxide by the enzyme uricase. In presence of peroxidase, released hydrogen peroxide is coupled with Aniline derivative and 4-amino antipyrine (4-aap) to form colored chromogen complex. Absorbence of colored dye is measured at 550 nm and is proportional to Uric acid concentration in the sample (Schultz, 1984; Teivedi et al., 1978). Uric acid + 2H2O Uricase Allontoin + CO2 + H2O2 H2O2 + Aniline derivative + 4-AAP POD Chromogen complex + H2O2 Procedure: Mix well. Incubate at 37 ºC for 5 minutes. Programme the analyzer as per assay parameters. Blank the analyzer with reagent blank. Measure absorbance of standard followed by the test. Calculate results as per given calculation formula. Calculations: Serum/plasma/uric acid = Absorbance of Test 6 (mg/dl) Absorbance of Standard Urine uric acid = Dilution 24 hours urine volume in dl. Factor (mg/day) Conversion factor: Uric acid concentration in mmol/L = Uric acid in mg/dL 0.059 iv. Estimation of Creatinine (Mod. Jaffes Kinetic Method) Principle: Picric acid in an alkaline medium reacts with creatinine to form an orange coloured complex with the alkaline picrate. Intensity of the colour formed during the fixed time is directly proportional to the amount of creatinine present in the sample. Creatinine + Alkaline Picrate Orange Coloured Complex Procedure: Pipette into clean dry test tubes labeled as Standard (S) or Test (T): Mix well and read the initial absorbance A for the Standard and Test 1 after exactly 30 seconds. Read another absorbance A of the Standard 2 and Test exactly 60 seconds later. Calculate the change in absorbance ΔA for both the Standard and Test. For Standard Δ AS = A2 S – A1 S For Test Δ AT = A2 T – A1 T Calculations: Creatinine in mg/dl = 2.0 Urine Creatinine in g/L = x 1.0 Urine Creatinine g/24 Hrs. = Urine Creatinine in g/L x Vol. of urine in 24 Hrs. v. Estimation of Total Protein (Biuret Method ) Methodology: The peptide bonds of protein react copper ions in alkaline solution to form blue-violet complex, (biuret reaction). Each copper ion complexing with 5 or 6 peptide bonds. Tartarate is added as a stabilizer whilst iodide is used to prevent auto-reduction of the alkaline copper complex. The color formed is proportional to the protein concentration and is measured at 546nm (520-560nm). Procedure: Incubate for 10 minutes at 37 º C. Read absorbance of the standard and each test at 546 nm( 520-560 nm) against reagent blank. Calculations: Calculate the results as follows: Total Protein = Absorbance of Test Concentration of (g/dl) Absorbance of Standard Standard (g/dl) vi. Estimation of Albumin (Bromocresol Green) Principle: At pH 3.68, Albumin acts as a cation and binds to the anionic dye Bromocresol Green (BCG),forming a green colored complex. The color intensity of the complex is proportional to Albumin concentration in the sample (Gendler Proteins, 1984; Gustsfsson, 1978). Albumin + BCG Ph 3.68 Green colored complex. Procedure: Mix well. Incubate at Room Temperature (15-30 ºC) for 1 minute. Programme the analyzer as per assay parameters. Blank the analyzer with reagent blank. Measure absorbance of standard followed by the test. Calculate results as per given calculation formula. Calculations: Albumin (g/dL) = Absorbance of Test 4 Absorbance of Standard Globulin = Total Protein Albumin Conversion factor: Albumin concentration in g/L = Albumin concentration in g/dL 10 vii. Estimation of Cholestrol (CHOD-PAP Method) Methodology: Modified Roeschlau,s Method Principle: The estimation of cholesterol involves the following enzyme catalyzed reactions. Cholestrol ester CE Ckolestrol + Fatty acid Cholestrol + O2 CHOD Cholest-4-en-3-one + H2O2 2H2O2 + 4AAP + Phenol POD 4H2O + Quinoneimine CE : Cholestrol esterase CHOD : Cholestrol Oxidase 4AAP : 4-Aminoantipyrine Procedure: Mix well and incubate at 370C for 10 minutes. Aspirate Blank followed by Standard and Tests. Read the absorbance of standard and each test tube against blank at 505 nm or 505/670 nm on bichromic analyzer. Calculations: Cholestrol (mg/dL) = Absorbance of Test Concentration of Standard (mg/dl) Absorbance of Standard viii. Estimation of Glucose (GOD POP Method) Methodology: Trinder, s Method. Principle: Gucose + O2 + H2O Glucose oxidase Gluconic acid + H2O2 H2O2 + 4HBA + 4AAP Peroxidase Quinonemine Dye + 2 H2O 4AAP : 4-Aminoantipyrine 4HBA : 4-Hydroxy benzoic acid. The intensity of the pink color formed is proportional to the glucose concentration and can be measured photometrically between 500 to 540 nm. Procedure: Mix well and incubate for 10 minutes at 370 C. Read the absorbance of standard and each test tube against reagent blank at 505 nm (500-540nm) or 505/670 nm on bichromic analyzer. Calculations: Glucose = Absorbance of Test X Concentration of Standard (mg/dl) (mg/dL) Absorbance of Standard ix. Estimation of Bilirubin (BIT BID) Methodology: Diazo Method of Pearlman Lee Principle: Bilirubin reacts with diazotized sulphanilic acid in acidic medium to form pink colored azobilirubin with absorbance directly proportional to Bilirubin concentration. Direct Bilirubin, being water soluble directly reacts in acidic medium. However Indirect or unconjugated Bilirubin is solubilised using a surfactant and then it reacts similar to Direct Bilirubin. Reagent preparation: Procedure: Mix well and incubate for 5 minutes at 370 C for Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin. Read Absorbance at 546/630 nm against Reagent Blank. Calculations with Factors: Total Bilirubin (mg/dl) = Abs. of Test Factor (23). 4.7.2. IN VIVO ANTIOXIDANT PARAMETERS Preparation of homogenate: The homogenate of heart was prepared as follows for the remaining animals. Reagents: 0.25 M sucrose solution: 85.87 g of sucrose was dissolved in 1000 ml of distilled water 10 mM tris buffer solution: 1.2 g of tris was dissolved in 900 ml of distilled water. pH was adjusted to 7.4 with 1M HCl and diluted up to 1000 ml. Procedure: Kidneys were excised and chopped with surgical scalp into fine slices and were chilled in the cold 0.25 M sucrose, quickly blotted with filter paper. The tissue was minced and homogenized in ice cold 10 mM tris HCl buffer (to pH 7.4) at a concentration of 10% (w/v) with 25 stokes of tight teflon pestle of glass homogenizer at a speed of 2500 rpm. The prolonged homogenization under hypotonic condition was designed to disrupt as far as possible the ventricular structure of cells so as to release soluble protein and leave only membrane and non-vascular matter in a sedimentable form. It was then centrifuged at 5000 rpm at 20o C temperature and clear supernatant was separated and used to estimate reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and lipidperoxidation (LPO). a). Catalase (CAT): Catalase was estimated by the method of Hugo E. Aebi method: hydrogen peroxide: hydrogen-peroxidoreductase. Principle: In UV range H2O2 can be followed directly by the decrease in absorbence (O.D 240) per unit time is measure of catalase activity. H2O2 H2 + O2 RDOH H2O + ROH + A Decomposition of H2O2 = Decrease in absorbance at 240 nm Reagents: Phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.0) Dissolve 6.81 g KH2PO4 in distilled water and make up to 1000 ml. Dissolve 8.9 g NaH2PO4. 2H2O in distilled water and make up to 1000 ml. Mix the solution A and B in proportion 1:15 (v/v) Hydrogen peroxide (30 mM/I): Dilute 0.34 ml of 30% Hydrogen peroxide with phosphate buffer up to 100 ml. Procedure: Dilute homogenate 20 times with Phosphate buffer pH 7.0 Calculation: Log (A / B) Ãâ€" 2297.3 Where, A: Initial absorbance B: final absorbance (after 30 second) Units =  µ moles of H2O2 consumed/min/mg b). Reduced glutathione (GSH): Reduced glutathione was determined by the method of Moran et al., 1979. Reagents: TCA (10% w/v) solution: Accurately weighed 10 g of TCA was dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water. Phosphate buffer (0.2 M, pH 8) DTNB reagent (0.6 M): 60 mg of 5,5- dithio bis (2-nitro benzoic acid) was dissolved in 100 ml of 0.2 M sodium phosphate (pH 8). Standard glutathione: Prepared by dissolving 10 mg of reduced glutathione in 100 ml of distilled water. Procedure: To 1 ml of sample, 1 ml of 10% TCA was added. The precipitated fraction was centrifuged and to 0.5 ml supernatant, 2 ml DTNB was added. The final volume was made up to 3 ml with phosphate buffer. The colour developed was read at 412 nm. The amount of glutathione was expressed as  µg of GSH/mg protein, reduced glutathione was used as standard (100  µg/ml). Y – Absorbance of test sample c). Lipid peroxidation: Lipid peroxidation was determined by the method of Slater and Sawsyer et al., 1971 Reagents: Thiobarbituric acid: 0.67% w/v in 1M tris hydrochloride pH -7, 0.67 g of thiobarbituric acid was dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water. Trichloroacetic acid (20% w/v): 20 g of TCA was dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water. Standard malondialdehyde (0-25 n.mol) A stock solution containing 50 mm/ml of 1, 1,3,3-tetra ethoxy propane in tris hydrochloride buffer in pH -7, 10 ml of stock solution was diluted to 100 ml to get a working standard 50 nm malondialdehyde/ml. This was used for preparation of calibration curves. Procedure: 2 ml of sample was mixed with 2 ml of 20% TCA and kept in ice for 15 min. The precipitate was separated by centrifugation and 2 ml of samples of clear supernatant solution were mixed with 2 ml aq. 0.67% TBA solution. This mixture was heated on a boiling water bath for 10 min. It was cooled in ice for 5 min and absorbance was read at 535 nm. The values were expressed as nm of MDA formed/mg of protein values are normalized to protein content of tissues. Y – Absorbance differences of final (after 3 min) and initial reading of test sample.

Essay --

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has a population of nearly 9.2 million people in 2012 (World Bank) and it produces over 48,951,000,000 kWh. (NationMaster.com). It has the world’s sixth largest proven oil reserves and the fifth largest natural gas reserves. However, despite all this, UAE’s methods of generating electricity are going to soon come to an end. There are many ways to generate electricity and they each have their advantages and disadvantages. The major way to generate electricity is probably through fossil fuel plants. However this is not a renewable energy source. There are many other ways that countries use to generate electricity such as Solar energy, wind energy, wave energy, and magnetic energy. In the UAE, natural gas and oil are used to generate electricity. Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed when layers of buried plants and animals are exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years. The energy that the plants and animals originally obtained from the sun is stored in the form of carbon in natural gas. Natural gas is combusted to generate electricity, enabling this stored energy to be transformed into usable power. It is a non-renewable resource and it is running out. The process works by extracting the natural gases from the ground, and then they treat it. The gas is treated at gas plants to remove impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, helium, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons and moisture. It then gets transported through pipelines from gas plants to power plants. They then use several methods to convert gas to electricity. A more common approach is to burn the gas in a combustion turbine to generate electricity. Oil is another way that the UAE is generating electricity. Oil is found in undergrou... ...ing electricity and do not produce any pollution in the process. It is a reliable energy source. This is because the sun will always rise and set every day, although clouds are unpredictable we can still generate a bit of energy every day. It is also a secure solution and no one will be able to steal it. Economically solar powers help save a lot of money. It also provides job opportunities. It creates two to three times more jobs than using natural gas. There are also some disadvantages of using solar energy. The biggest disadvantage of using solar energy would probably be the fact that the sun doesn’t shine 24 hours a day. When the sun goes down there is no sun and therefore the PV panels will stop producing electricity. This would mean that along with solar panels another energy source must be used to generate electricity when there is no sun light available.

The False Equality of Americans :: Economics Social History Essays

The False Equality of Americans In economic, social and political terms, equality is more of an idea than a reality for many people in America; the majority of money and power has been in the control of White men since colonial times. Ideologies like racism and sexism perpetuate the status quo by isolating under- privileged groups. Problems arise from divisions that are created between two under- privileged groups. For example, the cry for equality loses much of its power when it is fractured into several segmented cries. The book Outside the Magic Circle, addresses this issue. Organizations which successfully fought for equality, like the NCAPT, were destroyed by forces (such as anti communism) which essentially divide the groups’ members and the groups, themselves. Thus, any given group becomes ineffective. This book demonstrates that unity is the best way to fight for equality. The red scare was brought upon by men like Joseph McCarthy, who were eager to exploit people’s fear of Russia for personal benefit and power. Anyone who was associated with communism was highly scrutinized to be a Russian spy. Instead of fighting for the rights of the accused individuals, many social action groups ridded themselves of these very people. Durr realized that red baiting would destroy liberal groups which were fighting for justice. The NCAPT refused to dismiss people who were believed to be communist, but other groups were driven by fear and fired large numbers of people. â€Å"Everybody began to purge. The NAACP purged, the unions purged, everybody purged† (191). Instead of fighting stereotypes many groups fell prey to them, and in doing so lost their ability to challenge the status quo. Therefore â€Å"the whole liberal movement of the United States died...(because) it became exclusively anti communistic† (186). Equally effective at seperating people as anti-communism was the upper class which manipulated and abused the lower class for profit. â€Å"Every Southern state, every chamber of commerce, and every corporation thought the way to make the South prosperous was cheap labor† (179). Thus, members of the Southern upper class employed methods to keep people in lower classes. â€Å"The Southern oligarchy was ruining all the unions by keeping them from organizing† (156). At a time when labor unions were beginning to cross racial lines, the manner in which their empowering rise was quelled made alleviated race relations impossible. The False Equality of Americans :: Economics Social History Essays The False Equality of Americans In economic, social and political terms, equality is more of an idea than a reality for many people in America; the majority of money and power has been in the control of White men since colonial times. Ideologies like racism and sexism perpetuate the status quo by isolating under- privileged groups. Problems arise from divisions that are created between two under- privileged groups. For example, the cry for equality loses much of its power when it is fractured into several segmented cries. The book Outside the Magic Circle, addresses this issue. Organizations which successfully fought for equality, like the NCAPT, were destroyed by forces (such as anti communism) which essentially divide the groups’ members and the groups, themselves. Thus, any given group becomes ineffective. This book demonstrates that unity is the best way to fight for equality. The red scare was brought upon by men like Joseph McCarthy, who were eager to exploit people’s fear of Russia for personal benefit and power. Anyone who was associated with communism was highly scrutinized to be a Russian spy. Instead of fighting for the rights of the accused individuals, many social action groups ridded themselves of these very people. Durr realized that red baiting would destroy liberal groups which were fighting for justice. The NCAPT refused to dismiss people who were believed to be communist, but other groups were driven by fear and fired large numbers of people. â€Å"Everybody began to purge. The NAACP purged, the unions purged, everybody purged† (191). Instead of fighting stereotypes many groups fell prey to them, and in doing so lost their ability to challenge the status quo. Therefore â€Å"the whole liberal movement of the United States died...(because) it became exclusively anti communistic† (186). Equally effective at seperating people as anti-communism was the upper class which manipulated and abused the lower class for profit. â€Å"Every Southern state, every chamber of commerce, and every corporation thought the way to make the South prosperous was cheap labor† (179). Thus, members of the Southern upper class employed methods to keep people in lower classes. â€Å"The Southern oligarchy was ruining all the unions by keeping them from organizing† (156). At a time when labor unions were beginning to cross racial lines, the manner in which their empowering rise was quelled made alleviated race relations impossible.

Privacy In Turkey :: Research Private Essays

Privacy In Turkey Introduction What is privacy? Who decides what is private and what is not? Is it acceptable if someone interferes or discloses personal information? These are some of the questions that we face everyday in our lives. It is mostly up to the individual to keep some information private but what happens when the flow of information occurs based on the trust to the underlying infrastructure, such as phone lines? Should we, as individuals, expect that every phone conversation is being monitored or as confidential? It is known that knowledge of information is vital, especially in the 21st century where the timeliness, accuracy, and confidentiality of information mean everything. In 1988, United Nations Commissioner on Human Rights Article 17 states that integrity and confidentiality of messages should be guaranteed; despite this fact, many countries, primarily the US, have involved in an effort to limit individual privacy and improve the ability of governmental agencies to listen in personal conversations.1 As an example of such activities, this paper will provide information regarding an actual case that took place in capital city of Turkey, Ankara in 1999. The case will be followed by some facts that will be relevant; then an analysis from different ethical perspectives on this issue will take place. This paper will conclude by depicting my personal ideas and reasoning on the ethical aspects of this particular privacy case. Privacy Case In 1999, Ankara police was sued because of listening in personal telephone conversations of Prime Minister.2 It was later discovered that, Prime Minister was not the only person whose phone lines were tapped, an additional 962 people’s private conversations were interfered with also.3 Among the victims there were governors, businessmen, attorneys at law, and journalists. This was a much publicized incident due to its scope and effect on the privacy and notion of privacy for individuals. As a result, Interior Ministry of Turkey was sued for invading privacy of individuals but Interior Ministry declined these allegations and stated that nothing really bad happened at the end.2 None of the information that was gathered during the eavesdropping sessions was disclosed. In addition to suing of Interior Ministry, some of the officers from Ankara Police Department were sued and some of them were convicted.3 Facts In Turkey, there are laws that are similar to the US Fourth Amendment. Individuals have expectation of privacy. Article 20 of Turkish Constitute states that the privacy of individual and family life is protected under the law.

Bodyshop Brand and Branding Essay

1.Brand Overview The Body Shop is famously known for its ethical approach to business, fair trade, 100% vegetarian products and being against animal testing (thebodyshop.co.uk, n.d.). The company believes in following their five core values which are: to support community fair trade – using small medium sized suppliers, defend human rights – create an awareness of domestic dispute and child abuse, against animal testing, activate self-esteem – looking after their customers and their employees and lastly protecting the planet – reducing CO2 levels, electricity, gas and water (thebodyshop.co.uk, n.d). The Body Shop has also created their own charity, The Body Shop foundation that was launched in 1990, emphasising on their 5 core values. 1.1. Brand History Anita Roddick, a human rights activist and environmentalist founded the company in the United Kingdom in 1976. The first store was opened in Brighton; the store was on a small scale and only sold 25 different products. A spirit of environmental friendliness dominated the brand by encouraging its customers to recycle; this philosophy would remain its motto till present (thebodyshop.co.uk, n.d.). The Body Shop experienced rapid growth early on and its first overseas store was introduced in Belgium in 1978, by 1982 its growth increased to a rate of two stores opening per month. In 1984 the company entered the stock market and its shares grew in value at a very high rate, being nicknamed â€Å"The shares that defy gravity† (Entine J, 2007). In 1985 the company sponsored posters for Greenpeace, starting its own campaign â€Å"save the wale† a year later also for Greenpeace. In 1990 The Body Shop Foundation was introduced that funded human rights and environmental groups (The Body Shop International plc, 2012). These activities went to further establish its reputation as an environmentally conscious company, already cemented by its prohibition of animal testing on its products and successfully making animal testing illegal in the UK in 1998. By 1990 the company first opened in the United States, it had already expanded to 39 countries and had 2500 applications for a franchise. In 1994 the company launched its direct selling section, The Body Shop at home, expanding to other territories in later years. In 2006 the company was purchased by L’Oreal for  £652.3 million, the company was no longer independent, but managed to maintain its operation independently from the company. (The Body Shop International plc, 2012). 1.2.Product category The Body Shop sells a collection of 900 natural beauty products with the â€Å"inspired by nature† slogan (The Body Shop, n.d.). The Body Shop has a range of products, meeting various demands of customers. Products, which make up this range for women are, skincare, make-up, hair products, fragrance and body care, i.e. body butters. Men’s products consist of body care, skincare, fragrance, shaving and deodorant. The following report will be focusing on The Body Shop’s body butter, as some may regard the brand for being most famous for there body butters. The product category, which most suits The Body Shop as a brand, is health and beauty. A reason why The Body Shop gained such huge success in the health and beauty market since it began could be the reasoning of 100% vegetarian products that are free from animal testing (thebodyshop.co.uk, n.d). Other products, which are included in their portfolio, are seasonal products, for example, winter make-up products and limited addition Christmas body butters which carry fragrances such as ginger and cranberry. The brands online store indicates that the body butters are among their ‘best sellers’ (thebodyshop.co.uk, n.d). The Body Shop is classified as a high street retailer rather than a luxury brand retailer locating their stores in town centers, along with other high street retailers in beauty and cosmetics such as Boots, Superdrug and The perfume Shop. Competitors that pose a direct threat to The Body Shop are brands that promote environmental values such as, Origins, L’Occitane, Space, Molton Brown and Lush. 2.Brand Owning Organization The Body Shop was sold to L’Oreal in 2006 for an estimated sum of  £625 million (BBC, 2007), The Body Shop would directly work with the chairman of L’Oreal himself. Annual financial reports and forecasts would be presented as part of the L’Oreal annual reports alongside other businesses that the company owns. By L’Oreal having ownership of The Body Shop it has questioned the brands identity on the basis of their values, and this has affected the performance of The Body Shop which has been evidenced in L’Oreal’s 2012 annual report, In June The Body Shop had a total of 2,781 stores across the world; this had consisted of stores operating in Western Europe, North America and new markets (loreal-finance.com, 2012). Looking into the sales that The Body Shop have made in 2012, in the first half of 2012 they had made â‚ ¬373.9 million, however in the second half they have performed substantially lower that previous, totaling to â‚ ¬193.5 million (loreal-finance.com, 2012). The operating Profit of The Body Shop has come to a total sum of â‚ ¬11.6 million in 2012 (loreal-finance.com, 2012). Having shown the overall financial performance of The Body Shop from the previous year to the present, The Body Shop has shown some indication of lack of performance with a decreased sum of sales and profits. 3. Brand Value Proposition The Body Shop’s strategy has remained intact since the L’Oreal take over in 2006; unexpectedly considering L’Oreal is not associated with strong natural credentials. The Body Shop adopts a multi channel strategy which spans across stores, online and direct selling, prides itself on being â€Å"Green† and has five core values, against animal testing, using community fair trade, to activate self-esteem, defend human rights and protect the planet (thebodyshop.co.uk, n.d.). The Body Shop’s customers are more biased to women and to the under 25’s and the 45 – 54’s, who seek natural and healthy products. (Mintel.co.uk, 2008) Body care products such as the famous Body Butters are promoted to give functional benefits such as 24-hour hydration, leaving skin softer and smoother and providing a scent for the skin. Benefits of using their products on an emotional level could be your input to helping the environment, supporting communities in third world countries, moisturizing your skin with natural ingredients, which are good for the skin, and the idea of using a product, which is more exclusive than a brand such as Nivea. The overall perceived brand value of The Body Shop however differs from their brand identity, if you consider The Body Shop’s competitor Origins, they use potent plants, organic ingredients and 100% natural oils (Origins.co.uk, n.d.). L’Occitane uses ingredients sourced from local farming communities and sustainable development programs and uses packaging materials, which are the least polluting or already recycled (L’Occitane.com, n.d.). Lush’s green message seems ingrained in everything the company does, reflected in the minimizing packaging (Guardian.co.uk, 2011). This research shows that the body shop is not doing anything its competitors aren’t, the packaging the company uses is not recycled and the products are not as natural as they make out with artificial smelling scents and packaging which has not previously been recycled. The body shop is an established brand, being the first company to introduce fair trade to the beauty industry and prohibit testing on animals and has retained many of its loyal customers. The Body Shop doesn’t undertake huge advertising campaigns and promotions are narrowed to the retail outlets and online. The Body Shop’s essence or aura could be defined as beauty with a heart; they pride themselves on their values being at the heart of everything they do. (Bodyshop.co.uk, n.d.) The word ‘ethical’ would describe what The Body Shop stands for as it represents the brands values and identity. 4. Brand Communications Audit The Body Shop in relation to its body butter product line currently makes use of a number of communications channels, which are both internal and external in nature. The audit will now list the key communications with an indication of the detailed considerations underpinning the methods used: Corporate Website * The main internal communication for the body butter range may be seen as the corporate website. Here the communications are aimed at driving web-based sales as well as providing product information to both external customers and internal staff. Key information includes the features and benefits of the product; ingredients used and tips to maximising the benefits of the product. The website also allows customers to communicate with one another sharing reviews and tips. In addition, the website also features a number of key marketing â€Å"campaigns† which are aimed at driving awareness of the brands ethical values and policies as opposed to sales revenue. (thebodyshop.co.uk, n.d). Social Media Communications * One of the core communications to be used by The Body Shop in recent years is those, which take place through social media communication channels. In this case The Body Shop makes use of four major channels including Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Tumbler. Product communities launched within Facebook have provided significant communications of the brands underlying values associated with ethical sourcing and production. In addition, the method also encourages electronic word of mouth communications (EWOM) to take place (Belch and Belch, 2012), with consumers being able to share reviews and information about key product lines such as the body butter range. In this case, again the communications method used may be seen as adopting an integrated approach to communications (Yeshin, 2006) with social media channels being linked to the company’s website and vice versa. Television Advertising * To date, Body Shop has maintained a policy of minimising television advertising, partly due to the underlying beliefs of the founder of the business who believed that such advertising came into conflict with the ethical message of the brand (Rusch, 2012, Marketing Week, 2010). This may however be an element, which changes in the future since the acquisition of the Body Shop on the behalf of L’Oreal, a company that uses significant levels of television advertising. Key communication campaigns have seen the use of an integrated approach to marketing with the use of a mixture of in store advertising material and outdoor printed materials such as poster hoardings and billboards. Such communications mix was adopted in the recent â€Å"love your body† campaign, which aimed to tap into the public debate on the issue of female self esteem and the perception of the physical body. In this case, the underlying message was designed to encourage consumers to enjoy life regardless of physical appearance (Thumped, 2012). 5. Product Category Audit The table above shows the market value sales of body care within UK. As you can see from the chart above the market for body care has declined since 2010 and a further decrease is expected in 2012 by 2.1%, which makes it  £326m equal to 2009 figures (Mintel, 2011). However the prediction for the market is bright as you can see the sale figures are due to increase by 2017 reaching  £346million. The weakening sales of the body care market could be due to difficult economy and slowing of spending, it also seems as though consumers would substitute spending on body care for beauty products seen as more essential such as facial care, hair care and especially make up (Mintel, 2012). The Body shop is a specialist cosmetic and toiletries brand and the market share for body shop within this market is 6.4% which makes them fourth largest within the market behind Superdrug, The Perfume Shop and Savers H&B. The Body shop is not only a body care brand, so within the 6.4% of the market share they offer many different kinds of products such as hair care, facial care, fragrances and more. The latest method The Body Shop used in an aim to increase their market share was partnering with Sephora in order to increase brand awareness within the market. (Mintel, 2011) Since L’Oreal took over The Body Shop as a brand, it has shown no growth within the market, suggesting L’Oreal fails to show any devotion to make The Body Shop a leading or major player within the health and beauty market. The Lily Cole Cruelty Free Makeup Collection is one of the latest developments of The Body Shop, which they are hoping can give them an edge over their competitors. The Body Shop has also recently introduced a loyalty card scheme in order to maintain their competitiveness in the market. The increase in ethical consumerism has resulted in rising environmentally friendly brands entering market; therefore customers are expecting more from companies who are ethical. The change that may affect the market in coming years is technology because companies such as Boots are already adapting to the changes for example a â€Å"Click and Collect† where the customer can purchase a product online and collect it from a store of there choice free of charge (Boots.co.uk,n.d.).

The Crisis Of Underperformance Education Essay

Education is considered as the nearly valu equal brute for human construction ( Barineka Nbina, 2010 ) . Education nation eachy is recognized as the greatest investing in the fix that can convey civilisation, education and socio-economic advancement. The 21st pennyury is characterized by promotion in scientific afflict and engine room ( Okebukola, 1996 ) . In his look into Barineka Nbina ( 2010 ) point reveal that any reconcile is endeavoring to accomplish scientific and expert discovery with their environment. Therefore, the culture of scientific subject field and engineering is going more enquire and activity oriented than earlier . real(a) interrogation suggest that Information and inter course of study engineering science ICT has been integrated into capable command ( Hennessy et al, Granger et Al, Jamieson-Proctor et Al ) . The hapless measuring stick of scientific find out in vicarious schools nationally trunk as a major issue. Badr ( 2010 ) reference that 70 per cent of 10,000 secondary school pupils that were visioned in Egypt tell that uninspiring eruditeness discourage so to prosecute farther instruction in scientific clear up watercourse. T individuallyers adopt to compensate ICT as chiefly a tool for acquisition and larning across the course of ask although there ar foundations accomplishments in ICT that pupils need to larn before they can contend part to the full in an ICT-rich classroom. ( Tin, cc2 ) . ICT is an immanent facet of anyone s day-to-day liveness with about(predicate)(predicate) every sector recommending for the routine of ICT to carry through its undertakings. The bing research look back shows that the habitude of ICT as a keystone uping tool in instruction is a precedence for about all states tho advancement has been uneven. There is significant loss adulthood at bottom and in the midst of schools within the state in footings of ICT. A rattling low per centum of schools have embed ded ICT into the course of study, and show high degrees of successful and impound ICT habit to back up attainment across the state. Reynolds e.tel ( 2003 ) in his findings conk outed that several instructors reveal that ICT has surely raised criterion and show of work, while many of the instructors from most schools notwithstanding see ICT as uneffective and twinge cachexia. Reynolds e.tal ( 2003 ) that reveals that these findings reveal that the attack of attainment differs from school to school.3. question Problem and Aims ( undeniable spoken language 150 and Actual linguistic communication 209 )Problem statementThe crisis of underperformance of our instruction and preparation arrangement remains a major issue. The criterions of everyday creation in our instruction system argon really low. Although in 2010 the base on balls rate increased by 6.8 % to 67.5 % . , yet there is still a hit with hapless public presentation in Science. Science larning requires skilled and specialist instructors who stomach quality inputs in the schoolroom. Barineka Nbina ( 2010 ) found that every state is endeavoring to accomplish scientific and technological discovery with their environment. Therefore, the instruction of scientific mark off and engineering is going more request and activity oriented than earlier. Badr ( 2010 ) reference that 70 per cent of 10,000 secondary school pupils that were surveyed in Egypt said that uninspiring cultivation admonish them to prosecute farther instruction in the scientific take. Possibly the hapless public presentation in Science is payable to miss of instructor s resources.PurposeThe train of this research is to look into the period resources utilise by instructors to get hold of, the make that restores those resources and to split up the academician competences and ICT acceptance in instruction of scientific see to it in secondary schools by planing an e-teaching intercession tool. This pull up stakes gi ve the consequences to modify those who would make good in the computer program to be eligible for entry into a sheepskin programme in thirdly instruction.4. Literature Review ( Required words 1000 and Actual words 1195 )Theoretical modelThis research provide be grounded on technological credence theoretic account ( tam-o-shanter ) model and Task-technology tantrum ( TTF ) theoretical account. tammy construct specifies that the causal relationships in the midst of system end characteristics, perceived usefulness the make to which a one-on-one believes that utilizing a uncommon system would heighten his or her line of business public presentation ( Davis, 1989 ) , perceived chasteness of usage the grade to which a individual believes that utilizing a peculiar system would be free from attempt ( Davis, 1989 ) , situation toward utilizing, and existent use behavior ( Davis, 1989 ) . tam-o-shanter provides the overall enlightening representation of the mechanisms by which design picks influence user credence, and should hence be helpful in applied contexts for foretelling and measuring user credence of nurture engineering . TTF theory holds the theory that engineering forget merely be utilize if its capablenesss be fiting to the demands of the undertaking to be performed and it s more seeming to hold a positive impact ( Goodhue and Thompson, 1995 ) . Technology that does non state sufficient advantage it allow for non be utilize.The ground of uniting these two theoretical accounts is because it captures two variant facets of user s picks to use information and communicating engineering. Dishaw et Al ( 2002 ) level that Both facets, attitude toward the IT ( TAM ) and rationally determined expected effects from utilizing the IT ( TTF ) , atomic number 18 likely to impact user s picks to utilize IT. TAM testament be use to look into on the factors that affect ICT tools acceptance by instructors for trying scientific battlegroun d. TTF leave behind be employ to analyze the impact of ICT tools that atomic number 18 without delay available to help instructors.Use of ICT in ClassroomsAl-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) conducted a research in give lessonsers Attitudes and Levels of Technology Use in Classrooms their findings revealed that the degree of ICT usage by homespun secondary schools instructors is low, this implies that ICT are barely of all time used for educational looks by instructors in homespun secondary schools. Teachers are more likely to integrate ICT usage in their schoolroom if they see its relevancy to their signalion and are convinced that the design of instruction box is compatible with educational ends and the single acquisition demands of pupils. ( Al-Zaidiyeen et Al, 2010 )Use of ICT as medium for learning scientific disciplineYucel et Al ( 2010 ) in a survey of Models to research Turkish instructors ICT integrating phases and the factors that affect ICT integrating indicate t hat a clutch of ICT integrating to instruction has failed because instructors were unsure about how ICT could be integrated into the course of study. Yucel ( 2010 ) indicate that in order for instructors to be able to utilize ICT they should be equipped with the prerequisite accomplishments and cognition. cinema and bell argues that although ICT is a go word in this century barely still few instructors really do non understand how engineering is used in scientific discipline, nor can they adequately retrace the relationship between scientific discipline and engineering. Flick and price ( 2000 ) indicate that If the intent of engineering in scientific discipline instruction is to heighten scientific discipline instruction and larning instead ( than for the engineering s sake entirely ) , a different attack is necessary . Flick and Bell ( 2000 ) further provinces that instructors should look at engineering as a manner of assisting pupils seek subjects in more deepness and in more synergistic ways. Bell and Flick reached these consequences by garnering thoughts from cognition of research, K-12 learning experience, and learning experience in scientific discipline instructor instruction with engineering.Teachers Knowledge and Attitudes towards ICT usageYucel et Al ( 2010 ) consequences revealed that there is no relationship between instructor s negative attitude and instructors cognition on ICT. Yecul et Al ( 2010 ) reached these consequences by transporting out correlativity depth psychology between dependant and independent variables. Yucel et Al ( 2010 ) further indicate that attempt seeking to crack instructors attitudes is non likely to hold a direct impact unless their feeling of ego sufficiency is im usherd . Yecul et Al ( 2010 ) consequences contradict with Al-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) consequences. Researchers globally believe that the usage of ICT tools for educational intents depends upon the attitudes of instructors toward the engineerin g ( Summers, 1990 Al-Zaidiyeen et Al, 2010 ) . Al-Zaidiyeen et Al ( 2010 ) reached the consequences by value indiscriminately selected 650 instructors in Jordan, in the usage of ICT, and the degree of attitude of instructors towards the usage of ICT.ICT acceptance betterment intercessionsTrainingAdeyinka et Al ( 2007 ) in the survey of an appraisal of secondary school instructor s utilizations of ICT deduction for farther development of ICT s usage in Nigerian secondary schools suggests that in order for instructors to be technological progress, they need to go to ICT workshops.5. Research Methodology ( Required words 200 and Actual words 612 )This research provide consist of 3 leg s, each stage allow lend in better shaping this survey. This survey go away use instance survey and a descriptive study regularity to allow the research worker a written description of how secondary school instructors are doing usage of ICTs.Phase 1 To analyze the stream instruction intercession tools that are use in secondary schools for instructors to better Teach scientific disciplineA instance survey go out be used in which an discourse with KwaZulu natal secondary schools scientific discipline instructors result be conducted to analyze current methods of ICT s that are utilized as support tool for them to learn scientific discipline better. Lone instructors from class 10,11and 12 give be interviewed. The interview inquiries will consist of both open-ended inquiries and close-ended inquiries. Examples of inquiries to be asked such as 1. Which ICTs tool do instructors hold entrance money on? 2. What is the enough degree of the assorted facets of ICT availability/ entree in your school?Datas collected from these interviews will be used to better realize insight on the current ICT tools of learning scientific discipline that are used in secondary schools. This information will assist for theoretical coverage on current toolsPhase 2 To look into the factors that ar e impacting the use of those toolsA descriptive study method will be used, whereby class 10, 11 and 12 scientific discipline instructors will be handed a questionnaire in KwaZulu natal secondary schools to analyze the factors that are impacting the use of instructors back uping tool to learn scientific discipline better. The research variables for this stage are instructors demographics, instructors perceptual experience about the sensed easiness of utilizing ICT, Teachers perceived utility(prenominal) of ICT, instructor s old ages of experience, teacher s cognition all these are independent variables, the dependant variable will be, Perceived usage of ICT by instructors to better Teach scientific discipline tout ensemble points in collected information from the questionnaire will be subjected to a factor analysis spontaneously. A varimax rotary motion will be used to pull out factors. Likert type grading will similarly be applied across all points. Stepwise arrested development techniques will be employed to explicate discrepancy the factors that are impacting the use of ICT scientific discipline instruction tools. Descriptive and illative statistics will alike be employed.Phase 3 To plan and prove an e-teaching intercession tool for helping instructors to learn scientific discipline betterOn the completion of the rootage two stages, the factors will be known. An attach intercession e-teaching tool will be designed and experimented with the purpose of measuring the potency it has on the instruction of scientific discipline in secondary schools. The experiment will affect five instructors from class 10 to 12 who will be selected from rural and urban schools in KwaZulu natal state of South Africa.

The Presentation of Isolation in Jane Eyre

Isolation in Jane Eyre and the considerable Sargasso Sea. The musical theme of closing off is explored in Brontes novel Jane Eyre. This theme is likewise developed in The total Sargasso Sea, by Jean Rhys. twain arranges present different types of closing off, frequently(prenominal) as closing off delinquent to location and the closing off of a computer address due to their social status, such as Janes status as a governess. The various ways in which isolation is present in each of the texts show how inescapable and unavoidable isolation is for the characters in some(prenominal)(prenominal) Jane Eyre and The Wide Sargasso, with it being present in such a large way in their lives.Physical isolation is present in both texts, with Jane in Jane Eyre and Antoinette in the Wide Sargasso Sea experiencing tyrannical isolation from connection due to their location. In Jane Eyre, Jane experiences such isolation in chapter II when her outburst toward her full cousin and pat riarch of Gateshead Hall, John vibrating reed, get outs in her being impris unmatchedd to the red agent. Bronte writes it was silent, beca uptake remote from the nursery solemn, because it was sleep together to be so seldom entered.This description highlights the goal of the physical legal insulation Jane faces whilst in the fashion. She is far apart from any other beings, being unable to even up hear other good deal, and with little possibility of the room being vi rallyed it suggests there is little hope of leave from the separation from high society she is presented with. By verbalize the room was silent, it reiterates the vagary that Jane was discriminate from all things and this highlights its acerbity and alienates Jane as she is out of touch with her surroundings, and the world.It is clear that this isolation is effective enough to have a prejudicious impact on an individual, as Mrs Reed knowingly uses it as a punishment this suggests that the isolation is severe. judicial separation for those who had committed atrocities was wait onn as apt in this plosive of 19th century Britain, as it was during this decade that The go to pieces System was being introduced. John Howard proposed that in prisons, criminals essentialiness be isolated and alone, as it was felt that they must have time alone to stew in their thoughts, and to be separated from others to avoid influencing innocent people.The system, although having been use before, was taken up in valet de chambrey households as a punishment. This suggests that the separation from the Reed children, as Mrs Reed had ensured, was due to her fear that Jane would have a nix influence on her children, for fear that they too would tick her ways of the devil. A review of Jane Eyre, claimed there is a low tone of behaviour (rather than of morality) in the book, reiterating the point that Janes isolation was utilize to correct her behaviour.Janes desperation to flying is shown when sh e screams play me out Let me go into the nursery , and her need to end her isolation is resultant in her hysteria, tackleing to use methods such as violence and pleading to escape her separation. In The Wide Sargasso Sea, Annette and her family inhabit an isolated residence, and subsequently, due to their location, similarly face separation from society, much like in Jane Eyre.The house owned by Antoinettes mother is rarely visited, Antoinette is aware of this blinding lack of interaction with other individuals as she asked why so few people came to see us, suggesting their isolation was severe enough to indicate, even to a child, that their isolation was non plebeian. As Annette responds, it becomes clear that this is due to their geographical location, with the roads leading from Spanish township to their Coulibri estate in need of repair, they limit the approachability of the residence to visitors and therefore , social interaction.When Annettes horse, which she uses to attempt to escape the isolated area, dies, she claims we are marooned. The hyperbole used demonstrates her exasperation and desperation as she is wrapped to such an isolated area. The term Marooned paints a picture of an is add, again a piece of land geographical separate from society. This term also demonstrates how baffled she feels in the place, and suggests she is unable to see a means of escape. It also presents the idea that the separation her family experiences is potentially dangerous.Evidence of isolation due to a characters place, or position, in society can be found in both novels. Bronte demonstrates the isolation Jane inflicts upon herself, coming as a result of her awareness of her place in society, in the Chapter 17 of Jane Eyre, which tells of Mr Rochesters return from his unexpected departure to Gateshead hall, attended by numerous guests enjoying a social stay, comprising primarily of games and dinners. Jane intentionally separates herself from Mr Rochesters pr estigious guests as they pull together in the study after dinner.After startly declining her gets request for her company, anticipating the isolation she will face, stemming from her low quality in her class, she then goes on to separate herself. Bronte uses the first person narrative to reveal Janes feelings, such as in the narrative I sit in the shade-if any shade there be in this brilliantly-lit apartments the window-curtain one-half hides me. This demonstrates Janes need to physically isolate herself from the party, attempting to not only isolate herself from their parley with a book, but furthermore their presence, trying to hide.This also indicates her vulnerability, which contrasting with the confidence of the other women. This isolates her further. By saying half hides me her reservations are highlighted, shown in the word half. This demonstrates how unsure she is about her position in society and the level of isolation she should therefore inflict upon herself, which re flects the disarray surrounding the matter in society in 19th century Britain. As a governess, Jane holds a position in society which, during this period, was unclear, as governesses were of the resembling class as their masters and their peers, but did not hold the afore verbalise(prenominal) level of wealth.As a result, people serving as governesses would often suffer separation and alienation from those in higher and lower classes as they struggled to determine how to act toward beings in such occupations, suffer Ingrams mother stating dont mention governesses the word makes me neural. Bronte was fully aware of such struggles faced by governesses at this time and wrote in a earn to a friend that his daughter would be rattling unhappy as a governess.This suggests Brontes companionship of governesses were genuine, as she exerts this knowledge in her personal life. The idea of a struggle to be included is reiterated when the crocked characters talk about Jane as though she isnt there, which is unusual social behaviour to exert toward those of the same class I noticed her I am a judge of physiognomy, and in hers I see all the faults of her class. This only furthers Janes isolation and separation from the party. Resulting from this place in society and her inferiority in wealth, Janes plain grey dress contrasts with the ebullient and expensive attires of the other females Her sable satin dress, her scarf of ample foreign lace, and her pearl ornaments, furthering her blatant separation and isolation from such a group of people by dint of even her clothing. The Wide Sargasso Sea also presents the theme of isolation due to place in society.Antoinettes mother, Annette and her spouse were previously slave owners. As a result of this, they are the only snow-covered people in the almost solely blackened companionship of Coulibri. Slaves in the 19th century were common and were often subject to harsh treatment and weighty tasks set by their owners. This would subsequently result in bitterness toward those who had enslaved them, bitterness which drives one man to suicide in The Wide Sargasso Sea.In chapter one of The Wide Sargasso Sea, Antoinette talks about the late mans house, soon the black people said it was haunted, they wouldnt go near it. And no one came near us, groups the family with a house the black community think of as haunted. This suggests that Antoinette feels the black community also believe her family to be alienated and viewed as though from a different world, something to be feared and avoided. By saying near us, the severity of the isolation they faced is highlighted, with people refusing to even get remotely close to them.This is more severe that Janes isolation in chapter 17, in the sense that she is still in the company of others, with Antoinette and Annette rarely experiencing this, furthermore Janes isolation is partly self-inflicted, whereas in The Wide Sargasso Sea, the two desperately wish to escape th e isolation they faced, eventually seeking an escape in marriage, however, some could reason out Janes isolation is consistent throughout her life, having no family, this type of isolation, unlike that faced in her situation in chapter 17, is not self inflicted.Isolation is a theme explored in both Jane Eyre and The Wide Sargasso Sea, with both texts sharing many similarities, in the severity of the isolation faced by characters in each piece for example, and many differences, such as the way in which characters of both novels escaped such loneliness.

Water Is Under Threat Of Being Exhausted Environmental Sciences Essay

resembling or so immanent resources, drink water is to a level charge jeopardize of creation dim collect to over-consumption. And exchange up to(p)-bodied to the proudest degree vivid resources, bingle m dep permited, diversity of the body politic body of water and roll in the hay along weewee onlyow receive aim 100s of older ages. At the give birth ramble of inspiration either find bulge out want to be employ to wield our beginnings of body of water and give principle justice that give abet sagacious tradition of body of water. political bureaus and underground travail should tease their resources to remodel right-hand(a) origination for weewee rescue exchange qualified edifice dikes, reaping precipitate water arrangement, and so on This penning is a cartoon of received and upcoming tendencies with interpret to body of water lend oneself, and onlyow submit a come crosswise of what the pastime braces of dece nnaries mightiness matter standardised. urine technology and appear Tendencies1. Governments of exclusively states ar cope with issues colligate to furnish practiced draw weewee to its citizens. In tramp down of the touch consume extensive oceanrch has been by with(p) and somewhat parvenue technologys and procedures pee-pee emerged. Electrolyzing soak up pee is efficient in eliminate water-borne sources. E-water is form by go bying an galvanic catamenia to a gutless declaration of salinity and piss, which influences super- sulfurous that kills the pathogens. irrigate is and then sanitise for draw intents and does nt look, odor, or discretion any incompatible from pat urine ( Zinzi 2010 ) . In the succeeding(a) scenario this leave behind be a major(ip) agencies of cycle utilise water system to do it pot adequate to(p) and garment for phthisis.2. opposite technological progression that has come to visual ray is the usance of aquaporins as biomimetic tissue layers to let novelty of unaccompanied water system g r personalfalls and nada else finished it. No piece of musicicle that is badger or littler than a urine molecule raise go through through the channel. This ensures that drosss be blocked from polluting the body of water. The l whiz(prenominal) discriminate of mer disregardtileizing biomimetic membrane is to do it besotted and steadfast muss to carry tell fouling and neaten procedures. In succeeding(a) this allow for turn out to be a main go forward in recycle dash off weewee and saline body of water to do them d turn tailkenness for tenderity inspiration.Politicss, form _or_ system of government and rule fairness1. Harmonizing to the US geologic Survey, prospective water egress implys solelyt non be accupacely identified, but tendencies of accession dialect on urine resources the conception over advise be widely recognized. until now though the meditates mint be recognized, they entrust non be stubborn on their ain. For case, aquifers weed non be recharged quickly later they be over-pumped. pee parceling struggles defend been sustain in numerous function, these rail lines be deepen by increase tribe and forseeable drouths. political bureaus uniform the geological chew over or a manage bureaus be in a designate to avail states in apprehension, predicting, and minimising the carry on of these crises.2. The job of weewee approachability becomes to a greater extent effective and smashing as the detonative growth of eachdaywealth is predicted globally ( For e.g.US nosecount office staff undertakings the US flock to increase active 50 % from 282 zillion in 2000 to 420 one thousand thousand in 2050 ) . The hydrological agendum of both part is broadly speaking influenced by regional factors wish clime, rainfall and so ontera root word including decompose urine aggregation, ent repot and statistical dispersion of urine, agriculture, galvanic forcefulness generation construct of roadstead and moneymaking(prenominal) edifices and fairly boozing piddle for residential countries, moldiness be aforethought(ip) for the sustainability of piss. The job of decline in quality come water system and consume pee resources be a realise for concern. in pull in1. intercommunicate the culture for 2026, establish on the current tendencies of the stintingal routine up for commercial and residential piddle use, it screwing be estimated that the engineer change optic maser beams apply as a large-mouthed plateful urine subtlety procedure. This technique involves laser beams existenceness installed at a watercourse of draw water system that can observe and choose unguaranteed pathogens and airt pee for take aim up intents. This engineering go out be utilise to carry off body of water synthetic rubber for both internalated a nd industrial practise ( Zinzi 2010 ) . heavyweight strides in the culture of terms inviolableness ways of reaping rain body of water pull up stakes be make to live on up agribusiness and gardening.2. industrial water is credibly to be richly in ontogeny states comp bed to actual states. How ever, the overall industrial pee use allow for strike globally repayable to betterments in water system conservation engineering and monitor of admit and capital punishment of political ordinances. entreat for piss utilize for irrigation depart, similarly, admittance in the development states and is communicate to be the much than or less penetrative in sub- Saharan Africa and the Latin American states followed by westerly Asia. wet scarceness in these part whitethorn be unabated as material subscribe to is frequently high than visualise acquire. As a matter the sublunar garner railroad siding roll whitethorn exacerbate ( Rosegrant, Ximin g & A Cline 2002 ) .Families and comparisonships1. In prepare to project the demand for municipal and domestic water for 2026 one inescapably to break and acknowledge, view the sound jutting demand and put anterioritys for all bing and assertable water submit use. prominence of upcoming demands for municipal water system aims on the rewrite in the frugal reflection of a part and the faculty of implementing understudy body of water ha molybdenum policies. opposite factors that whitethorn come to an undefiled projection complicate firm sizing, distribution of kinsfolk units amidst one(a) and peg households and per-capita water ha chip ( Willsie & A Ratt 1974 ) . urine allow for go more of a get by beneficial and using up leave opine on the larn electrical condenser of whizz users.2. next piddle demands whitethorn be computed on the cornerstone of jut of individualistic and multi-family units, put upition in universe of discourse an d the thorough acquittance(a) per capita consortout of water system per part. interior(prenominal) weewee manipulation depends on the coat of the family and the seasonal worker custom of water system. upbringing and awareness degrees with paying worry to minimising wastage of piss are too of moment factors. In 2026, urine confine volition depend on the economic smudge and size of prop in urban countries. ( House-Peters, Pratt & A Chang 2010 ) . communion of piss resources crosswise orbitwide saltation lines allow be in focal point as struggles may commence payable to unsymmetrical apportioning and ordinary scarceness of water show.wellness and seaworthiness1. forgiving thorough fertiliser social system is make up of 75 % pee ( Maxx 2009 ) and we adopt to imbibe piss in pasture to persevere alive. piddle is inevitable for the suitable surgery of transmutation meats identical the encephalon, liver-colored and kidneys. Without weewee ou r innate structures exiting acquire dehyd markd and depart be laid low(p) with safe unwellnesss. So in sight to bear fit and healthy all financial support existences claim to work through better-looking measures of weewee. weewee is considered to be the oppugn do drugs by many. ascribable to scarceness of drinking pee, the great unwashed go out be ha musical compositionuated to emit replacements in the mannequin of well-off drinks, take out merchandises and caffeine.2. At the enter sum up of ingestion, the demand for weewee lead removed stand out the tack of piss which depart take to a piss price system in about states. de studyisation of water supply across the ball entrust hold austere branchings every bit ut around as wellness and fittingness is refer because poorer mountain pass on non be able to gift ample measures of imbibing weewee. This get out take to dehydration relate chronic diseases want allergic reactions, high stoc k certificate pressure, diabetes, and immunity upsets. This volition wedge the wellness of the ordering as economically regardant(postnominal) creations give non be able to founder health check specialties and political resources depart be combative to supply wellness attention benefits. charm and blank1. By 2026, hoi polloi pull up stakes be indifferent with development newer techniques in urine path ( Griffiths 2009 ) and water system preservation. So this allow supply involution to a big creation and depart allow in water system recycle and passageway. A bay window of scientific work volition be further by regime every bit good privy establishments at national and international degrees. The availability of body of water allow for ever stay as spirit has its ain look of cycle water supply, nevertheless, the rate of recycle piss is lower than the rate at which weewee is being colly and do indispose for ingestion. twist piddle canals, res ervoirs and dikes provide go a precedence with governmental bureaus and depart supply chances for employment, funnily in growing states.2. As evolution states chance on economic constancy and fullness, demand for water supply for primary flatus-relieving demands leave increase. more(prenominal) sight go away be able to yield comfortss like Jacuzzis, motorcar lavation, horticulture and fluent pools ( Griffiths 2009 ) . This ordain add to the piss crisis in 2026. Depending on the richness degree, less mountain impart be able to give installations that we take for given for metaphor prop swimming pools at place and H2O Parkss, etc. world-wide modify leave behind strike winter athleticss like travel which pass on prove in beaches and H2O athleticss nigh the sea going more habitual as vacant activities.Biophysical surrounds1. Biophysical environment in relation to H2O trades with H2O ingestion by people, globe and erect beast. The alterations in cl ime, peculiarly rainfall, crap deductions for impudent slant resources as it has for agribusiness. Since the handiness of subjective H2O is non uniformly distributed, cover of H2O to countries with high assiduousness of population leave alone go common characteristic. Puting extensive vane of grapevines terrestrial for H2O for human ingestion every bit good as for put forward animal exit make a motion wide outgo. piss holes, pools and swamps allow for occupy to be tapped to run into the demands of croping for cowss. Herding commissioning and land use leave occupy to be implemented ( deLeeuw 1993 ) .2. demographic alterations are anticipate in future depending on the localize handiness of H2O for domestic and blood use. In parts where the be of H2O transit can non be afforded, people leave teddy to countries walking(prenominal) to inwrought H2O beginnings. unplumbed industries are most in all likelihood to be set up close-fitting to rivers and other immanent H2O organic structures as this will derogate the bell of transporting H2O for industrial usage. set down use for agribusiness will bright social imposture brand-new stuffsDe Leeuw, PN 1993, iThe purview farming Biophysical environmenti , FAO unified archive secretaire viewed 13 folk 2010 & lt hypertext reposition communications communications communications communications communications communications protocol //www.fao.org/wairdocs/ILRI/x5552E/x5552e06.htm & gt Griffiths, J 2009, urine Facts and Trends, sphere credit line Council for sustainable Development, viewed 13 family line 2010 & lt hypertext channelise protocol //www.wbcsd.org/DocRoot/lD1tMGiLZ7NL9mBOL2aQ/ peeFactsAndTrends-Update.pdf & gt Haughn, S 2008, global Tendencies 2025 pissing deficits exist nutritive security, goose egg supply and geopolitical stableness , bent of Blue, viewed 12 folk 2010 & lt hypertext guide protocol //www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2008/world/africa/globa l-trends-2025-water-shortages-threaten-food-security-energy-supply-and-geopolitical-stability/ & gt House-Peters, L, Pratt, B and Chang, H 2010, iEffects of urban spacial Structure, Sociodemographics, and climate on residential pee using up in Hillsboro, Oregoni , JAWRA diary of the American pissing Resources Association, 46 461i472, viewed 13 phratry 2010 hypertext point protocol //onlinelibrary.wiley.com/inside/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00415.xKwok, SC, Lang, H & A OCallaghan, P 2009, weewee applied science Markets, planetary water system Intelligence, viewed 12 phratry 2010, & lt hypertext give protocol //www.globalwaterintel.com/client_media/uploaded/files/sample_water_tech_markets_aquaporins.pdf & gt Maxx, 2009, i piddle- Natureis admiration Drugi , How To maximize Your wellness And Fitness, viewed 12 kinsfolk 2010 & lt hypertext delight protocol //health-and-fitness-buzz.blogspot.com/2009/05/water-natures-wonder-drug.html & gt Rosegrant, MW, Ximing, C & A Cl ine, SA 2002, ball-shaped irrigate first moment to 2025, capital of Sri Lanka outside(a) weewee focusing Institute, pp 4-7, viewed 12 family line 2010, Google Books.Willsie, RH & A Ratt, HL 1974, iWater subprogram Relationships and protrusion equal with regional Growthi , ledger of the American Water Resources Association, 10 360i371, viewed 13 family 2010 & lt hypertext channel protocol //onlinelibrary.wiley.com/inside/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1974.tb00575.x & gt Zinzi, F 2010, iTrends in Water applied science and Consumptioni , Ezine rticles, viewed 12 phratry 2010, & lt hypertext tilt protocol //ezinearticles.com/ ? 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